A case study of food insecurity screening and referral: Implementation barriers, facilitators, and lessons from a healthcare-food bank partnership

BACKGROUND: Routine food insecurity screening in healthcare is recommended, yet the impact of community referrals remains uncertain. This study examined whether food-insecure patients identified through a free cancer screening program were successfully connected to resources via a local food bank partnership. 

METHODS: Women screened for breast or cervical cancer through a state-funded grant were assessed for food insecurity using the Hunger Vital Signs tool. Patients identified as food insecure were offered referrals to food bank services during a follow up call. One to three weeks later, a brief telephone survey assessed barriers and facilitators to accessing food. 

RESULTS: Of the 451 patients screened (average age 46 years, 54.3% Spanish-speaking), 92 (20%) were identified as food insecure and received follow-up calls, with 64 (69%) responding. Referrals accepted included government food assistance (23%), home delivery (6%), and both services (8%). Of the 24 patients referred to SNAP or home delivery services, 21 (87%) responded to follow-up calls, and 8 (33%) of these successfully received the referred services. 

CONCLUSIONS: Integrating food insecurity screening in health care settings is a promising approach to connect at risk patients with food. Future programs should consider barriers and facilitators to connecting with resources within their community.